A genuine national emergency may be declared only by a supermajority of the Dáil, or by resolution of the Citizens’ Assembly where the Dáil itself is unable to convene or has been compromised. Any emergency declaration shall be time-limited, subject to renewal only by the same supermajority, and shall not suspend any of the fundamental rights established in this constitution. The bodily autonomy provisions of Article 19 are explicit that no emergency suspends the rights established there. Emergency powers exist to enable the state to respond to genuine crisis, not to expand the permanent power of government at the expense of the people.